Preah Sihanouk Province

Preah Sihanouk Province is a province with economic potential in the southwestern part of Cambodia, about 230 kilometers from Phnom Penh along the National Road No. 4, 260 kilometers along the National Road No.3 (via Kampot), and The Asian Highway 11 (Phnom Penh – Preah Sihanouk Expressway). The province bordered with Koh Kong province to the north, Kampong Speu province to the west, Kampot province to the east, and the Gulf of Thailand to the south.

The province has a total area of 2,658.9 square kilometers, two-third of which is forest and mountains, 175.81 kilometers of coastline, and 32 small and large islands. The archipelago, beaches (sandy beaches, rocky beaches, and muddy beaches), marine biodiversity make the province as popular destination among national and international tourists.

The evolution of management from one period to another lead to the adjustment of boundaries as well as the separation and integration of some provinces, districts, Khans, communes, etc. in which the territory of Preah Sihanouk was originally under the Administration of Kampot province. Firstly, in 1923 during the Reign of King Sisowath, the area of Preah Sihanouk province (formerly Kampong Som) was assigned as the districts of Kampot Residences (Kampot district consists of Kampot and Kampong Som; Banteay Meas district; and Koh Kong district). Then, the three districts of Kampot Residence are divided into 7 districts: Kampot district (14 communes), Chhouk district (10 communes), Kampong Som district (7 communes), Banteay Meas district (13 communes), Kampong Trach district (9 communes), Koh Kong district (6 communes), and Chumneap district (4 communes). In 1956, a port was built in Koh Puos (Kampong Som) area in Ream commune, Khan Prey Nup, Kampot district, Kamport Province. Due to the development of this area, it was elevated to city status as Kampong Som city by King Suramarit in 1957. Later on, January 22, 1959, during the reign of King Norodom Suramarit, the city was renamed as Preah Sihanouk city. On September 7, 1964, the city was elevated as second capital of the Kingdom. Since then, construction activities have developed such as Angkor Beer Brewery, Angkor Automobile Assembly Factory, Independent Hotel, etc. At that time, Preah Sihanouk is one of coastal destinations of Cambodia but not popular as Kep. After the Lon Nol Coup on March, 18, 1970, the city was renamed as Kampong Som city. During Pol Pot regime, there had no changed name. Till 1993, the city was renamed as Preah Sihanouk city. Lastly, on December 22, 2008, the Preah Sihanouk city was elevated as Preah Sihanouk province.

The province is divided into 3 administrative districts and 3 municipalities. The province has two international checkpoints, Sihanouk International Airport and Preah Sihanouk Autonomous port; and three regional gates such as Tomnum Rolork Port, Stung Hav International Port, and Ok Nha Mong Rithy Port. With over 310,000 people, the province is ranked Cambodia’s 22^nd of land area and ranked 7^th populated province.

History

Preah Sihanouk Province, located in southwestern Cambodia, has a rich history that ties into Cambodia’s broader narrative of colonization, independence, and modernization.

Pre-History or Early History Period

There was no documented settlement on the peninsula greater than a typical fishing or trading village when the city was founded in 1955. Regional trade was concentrated in O Keo (Vietnamese: Óc Eo) in the Mekong Delta, which is now the province of Rạch Giá in Vietnam, during the many centuries of pre-Angkorian and Angkorian history, from Funan to Chenla and during the Khmer Empire. The Khmer Empire’s economic hub was the Prei Nokor township in Saigon.

Post-Angkor Period

The region is mentioned in passing in the Chronicle of Samtec Cauva Vamn Juon, one of the 18th and 19th century Cambodian Royal Chronicles, as the country was divided into three parts during a nine-year civil war that lasted from 1476 to 1485: “In 1479, Dhammaraja took on the throne at Catumukh (Phnom Penh) and controlled the provinces of Samrong Tong (ខេត្តសំរោងទង), Thpong (ខេត្តថ្ពង់), Kompong Som (ខេត្តកំពង់សោម), Kampot (ខេត្តកំពត) up to the Bassak, Preah Trapeang, Kramuon Sar, Koh Slaket, and Peam”

Colonial Period

In the late 19th century, Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia merged into a unified administrative and economic entity while under French domination. The arrondissements of Kampot, Kompong Som, Trang, and Kong-Pisey were all part of the coastal region known as Circonscription Résidentielle, which had Kampot as its capital. It was not thought necessary to build another international trading hub close to the city of Saigon. The Mekong and the plan to create a different path to the internal markets of China and Thailand via a continuous, passable river from the Red River to the Mekong Delta continued to be the main focus. As the French recognized the strategic importance of Cambodia’s coastline and in the 1950s, they began constructing a port in the area. Before this, Cambodia had no major seaport, and much of its trade was routed through Vietnam. The establishment of this port aimed to provide Cambodia with direct access to international waters. The national railway system and the construction of Route Coloniale No. 17, subsequently known as National Road No. 3, were the most significant infrastructure advancements of this era, however work on the “Southern Line”—which would connect Phnom Penh and Sihanoukville—did not start until 1960.

Independence and Conflict Period

After Cambodia gained independence from France, Preah Sihanouk Province emerged as a major hub for economic activity, especially through its deep-water port. A French/Cambodian construction crew established a base camp in the empty jungle near what is now Hawaii Beach in August 1955. The United States provided funding for the road (presently National Road 4: link Preah Sihanouk seaport to Phnom Penh via Kampong Speu province), known as Cambodia-America Friendship Highway built in 1955 and finished in 1960. While France provided funds for the seaport’s construction in 1956. The port was officially inaugurated in 1960 by Mr. Louis Jacquinot, Minister of Foreign Affairs of France and became a key economic center for the country. The port city grew with the development of industries, tourism, and a thriving expatriate community. Moreover, the construction railway from Phnom Penh to Preah Sihanouk via Kampot built on August of 1960 and finished in the late of 1969. The railway is very beneficial to the economy due to it reduced in logistic cost more than road transportation. Besides, Kang Keng Airport (presently Preah Sihanouk Airport) was built in 1960 with the aid of the Soviet Union, located in Ream commune. Independent Hotel is a historical hotel located about 5 kilometers outside of downtown Preah Sihanouk. The hotel’s construction began in the early of 1960s and finished in 1964, and was designed by French Architects called Lorey and Mondet to reflect the country’s optimism after gained independence from France. The hotel is also known as the Seven Story hotel and was the tallest building in country at that time. The Preah Sihanouk Railway Station was designed and built by Georges Kondracki, a German engineer in the 1960s (began in 1960 and finished in 1969). It was one of the last three major railway stations to be built as part of a railway link between Phnom Penh – Preah Sihanouk. Oil Refinery built from 1966 to 1968 by joint investment between 65% of State’s Capital and 35% of French Company’s Capital called Eif. The factory has a production capacity of 600,000 ton, but it was only 400,000 ton at that time. However, the actual demand of the country was only 250,000 ton at that time. Tractor Assembly Plant was started in 1966 by the State-owned (The National Tractor Assembly Company). The plant assembled Czechoslovak tractors. Due to its small size, the plant did not meet the need of the people at that era.

However, this prosperity was short-lived, as Cambodia soon plunged into political turmoil. The port served as a military installation for both sides during the Vietnam War, first for the National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam and then, under Lon Nol’s leadership, for the United States after 1970.

During the Khmer Rouge regime (1975–1979), Preah Sihanouk province, like the rest of Cambodia, suffered extreme devastation. The port city’s infrastructure was destroyed, and its economic importance diminished. The port was the final area evacuated by the US Army, only days before Khmer Rouge fighters took over the government in April 1975. The events surrounding the capture of the US container ship SS Mayaguez and its crew by the Khmer Rouge on May 12, 1975, and the subsequent rescue mission by US Marines took place on the waters of Koh Tang off the coast of Sihanoukville. During the two-day operation, the US targeted targets on mainland Sihanoukville, including the port, the Ream Naval Base, an airstrip, a railroad yard, and a petroleum refinery, as well as strikes and naval gunfire on various islands. The brutal regime led by Pol Pot dismantled much of the urban and economic development in the country, including in Sihanoukville. The Khmer Rouge regime collapsed in 1979 after the Vietnamese invasion.

Modern Day

Following the fall of the Khmer Rouge, Cambodia embarked on a long period of reconstruction. Sihanoukville began to recover gradually, especially in the 1990s and 2000s, when the government started promoting the region as a tourist destination. Preah Sihanouk Province became known for its beaches, islands, and as a gateway for travelers heading to other parts of Southeast Asia.

In recent years, the province has undergone rapid transformation, largely driven by Chinese investments. Sihanoukville has been heavily influenced by Chinese developers, with many casinos, hotels, and businesses catering to Chinese tourists and investors. This has caused both economic growth and social challenges, such as increased cost of living for locals, environmental degradation, and concerns about the region’s dependency on foreign investment.

The port of Preah Sihanouk remains one of Cambodia’s most important economic assets. It serves as a crucial trade hub for exports and imports, especially in light of Cambodia’s growing economic ties with China and other international partners. The province is also a special economic zone (SEZ), attracting foreign investment in manufacturing, logistics, and other industries.

Dignitaries who were former governors of Preah Sihanouk Province since 1957

There were 20 Governors since Preah Sihanouk city till Preah Sihanouk Province from 1957-Present, including:

From 1957-1970, there were five persons served as the governor of the area such as

1. Mr. Sarin Chark (លោក សារិន ឆាក),
2. Mr. Dy Bel Long (លោក ឌី បែលឡុង),
3. Mr. Hout Samart (លោក ហ៊ួត សំអាត),
4. Mr. Hing Sokhon (លោក ហ៊ីង សុខុន),
5. Mr. Yem Moniroth (លោក យ៉ែម មុនីរ័ត្ន)

From 1970-1975, there were five persons served as the governor of the area such as

1. Mr. Ros Proeung ​ (លោក រស់ ព្រឿង
2. Mr. Mol Khleng ​ (លោក មូល ខ្លេង)
3. Mr. Oam Nakrin (លោក ឱម ណាគ្រីន) served as Chairman of Regional Committee from 1975-1979

From 1979-2001, there were five persons served as the governor of the area such as

1. Mr. Nhem Sarorn (លោក ញ៉ែម សារ៉ន) Chairman of Krong Kampongsom People’s Revolutionary Committee 1979
2. Mr. Norng Neang (លោក នង នាង) Chairman of Krong Kampongsom People’s Revolutionary Committee from 1980-1979
3. Mr. Chum Hor (លោក ជុំ ហ៊ល) Chairman of Krong Kampongsom People’s Revolutionary Committee from 1981-1992
4. H.E.  Khem Bou (ឯកឧត្តម ឃឹម បូ) Chairman of Krong Preah Sihanouk People’s Revolutionary Committee from 1992-1993
5. H.E. Thoim Bunsrorn (ឯកឧត្តម ធ្ធាំ ប៊ុនស្រ៊ន់) Krong Preah Sihanouk Governor from 1993-1999
6. H.E. Ith Deth Toula (ឯកឧត្តម អ៊ិត ដេតតូឡា) Krong Preah Sihanouk Governor from 1999-2001
7. H.E. Say Hak (ឯកឧត្តម សាយ​ ហាក់) served as Krong Preah Sihanouk Governor 2001-2008
8. H.E. Sbourng Sarath (ឯកឧត្តម ស្បោង សារ៉ាត) served as provincial governor from 2008-2014
9. H.E. Chhit Sokhon (ឯកឧត្តម ឈិត សុខុន) 2014-2015
10. H.E. Yun Min (ឯកឧត្តម យន្ត មីន) 2015-2019
11. H.E. Kouch Chamroeun (ឯកឧត្តម គួច ចំរើន) 2019-2024
12. H.E. Mang Sineth (ឯកឧត្តម ម៉ាង ស៊ីណេត) 3 July 2024 – Present

Geography

The province’ s geography is predominantly characterized by coastal lowlands, tropical beaches, with some hilly and forested areas inland. Here are some key geographic features:

Topography: Lowland areas dominate most of the province, especially near the coastline where the province meets the Gulf of Thailand. These coastal plains are relatively flat, making them ideal for urban development, agriculture, and tourism infrastructure. The city of Sihanoukville is located in these low-lying areas. The province has a long coastline along the Gulf of Thailand about 175.81 kilometers. With several sandy beaches such as Ochheuteal, Serendipity, and Sokha Beach, are generally flat and gently slope towards the sea, offering an inviting terrain for beach tourism. The province has 32 offshore islands, including Koh Preap “កោះព្រាប”, Koh Puos “កោះពស់”, Koh Thas (Koung Kang) “កោះថាស (កោងកាង)”, Koh Dek Koul “កោះដែកគោល”, Koh Treh (Ktash) “កោះត្រេះ (ខ្ទះ)”, Koh Rong “កោះរ៉ុង”, Koh Bong- P’Oun “កោះបងប្អូន” or Koh SangSa (Lover Island), Koh Koun (Kok/Kandal) “កោះកូន (កុក/កណ្តាល)”, Koh Rong Samleom “កោះរ៉ុងសន្លឹម”, Koh Moul “កោះមូល”, Koh Toch “កោះតូច”, Koh Proes “កោះប្រើស”, Koh Thmey “កោះថ្មី”, Koh Chraloss (Krabei) “កោះច្រឡុះ (ក្របី)”, Koh Ta Kiev “កោះតាគៀវ”, Koh Roeussey “កោះឬស្សី”, Koh Sramoch “កោះស្រមោច”, Koh Sampoch “កោះសំពោច”, Koh Daung “កោះដូង”, Koh Pring “កោះព្រីង”, Koh Khmouch “កោះខ្មោច”, Koh Trongoul “កោះត្រងោល”, Koh Veal “កោះវាល”, Koh Tang “កោះតាង”, Koh Mouy “កោះមួយ”, Koh Damloung (Kdam) “កោះដំឡូង (ក្តាម)”,  Koh Pi Lech “កោះពីលិច”, Koh Pi Kert “កោះពីរកើត”, Koh Ta “កោះតា”, Koh Yeay “កោះយាយ”, Koh Chao “កោះចៅ”. These islands feature varying topography with mostly flat areas near the beaches and slightly hilly interiors. The islands are covered with dense vegetation and surrounded by coral reefs. Two-third of the province land is forest and mountains. Inland areas, particularly in the north and northeast, have hilly terrains. The highest points in the province are found in these areas, where elevations range from a few hundred meters to over 500 meters above sea level. These hills are often covered by forests and are less developed, contributing to the province’s natural beauty. The hills are also present in Ream National Park, a protected area with diverse ecosystems that include forests, rivers, and mangrove swamps. The Park spans a variety of landscapes, including rolling hills, mangroves, and coastal areas. It also contains rivers and wetlands. The varied topography supports diverse ecosystems and makes it a popular destination for nature lovers and ecotourism.

Water Bodies: The province has several rivers and streams, though they are relatively small. The Prek Teuk Sap River is one of the larger waterways, flowing through Ream National Park and emptying into the sea. Kbal Chhay Waterfalls, located inland, highlight the province’s more rugged and elevated terrain. The waterfalls are formed by streams flowing from the hills, offering scenic views and natural swimming areas.

Climate: The province has a tropical monsoon climate, with a wet season from May to November and a dry season from December to April. It is warm throughout the year.

Natural Resources, Vegetation and Land Use: The province has several national parks and protected areas, such as:

• Kirirom National Park or Preah Suramarit – Kossamak Kirirom National Park covered land area of 35,232 hectares, sharing with Kampong Speu and Kampot province.  
• Preah Monivong “Bokor” National Park covered land area of 156,116 hectares, sharing with Kampot province. 
• Phnom Kravanh National Park covered land area of 926,123 hectares, sharing with Koh Kong, Kampong Speu, Pursat and Battambang province.
• Koh Rong Marine National Park covered land area of 52,448 hectares, sharing with Koh Kong province.
• Preah Sihanouk Ream Marine National Park covered land area of 39,634 hectares, sharing with Kampot province.
• Prek Teok Sap Kbal Chhay Multiple Use Area covered land area of 5,570 hectares.

Administrative divisions

As of 2024, the province is divided into 03 municipalities (Krong) such as Preah Sihanouk Municipality, Koh Rong Municipality, and Kampong Som Municipality and 03 districts (Srok), 11 Sangkat and 18 communes (Khum), and 110 villages. Based on Population Census of 2019, the total population is 310,072 people (female 148,189), the number of households is 47,381 households, and the density is 268.7 people/km². Preah Sihanouk municipality is the seat of government, commonly known Krong Preah Sihanouk or Preah Sihanouk City.

1. Preah Sihanouk Municipality (04 Sangkat)
2. Koh Rong Municipality (02 Sangkat)
3. Kampong Som Municipality (05 Sangkat)
4. Prey Nub District (10 Khum)
5. Stueng Hav District (04 Khum)
6. Kampong Seila District (04 Khum)

The provincial symbol is decaled by Ministry of Interior via a Prakas No.1368 BrK dated 13 March 2019 on the Establishment of Preah Sihanouk Province Symbol. The Preah Sihanouk Provincial Administration has agreed to place two golden lions on a throne surrounded by a white sky, a golden circle, a ship, an anchor and a sea fish surrounded in circle and the Phni Tes Shape below the throne as the symbol of the province. The meaning is as follows:

• Lion image represents the name and title of His Majesty King Norodom Sihanouk (Siha = Singha, Lion = king of animals, Hanu = Hanuman). The lion comes from the Pali word “Singha”, which is a powerful animal. Therefore, people often take statues of “lions” to be placed in important places, such as at the entrance to Angkor Wat, at the gate of the pagoda, in front of the monastery or Vihara, the​ monk’s house, etc. Or in places of worship to ask for peace, virtue and to show the power and authority of the province.
• Lion with a pearl in the mouth represents the wealth and rich natural resources that exist both above and below land, in the sea and seabed of Preah Sihanouk Province, which provides many benefits to the people for the development of the province and the country.
• Seven-rachet figure represents the industrial sector.
• Ocean waves represent the lively activities of the people.
• The ribbon filled with sand surface image represents the harmony and beauty of the coast.
• Blue color above the ribbon represents the sea and the sustainability of provincial development.
• Phni Tes style is an Angkorian sculpture that represents a rich agricultural crop.
• Sharks, stingrays and crabs represent the rich marine resources and biodiversity of Preah Sihanouk province.
• Ship and Anchor image represents the Preah Sihanouk Province Autonomous Port, the only deep-sea port of the Kingdom of Cambodia, first operational in 1960 during the reign of King Norodom Sihanouk to the present. Sihanoukville Autonomous Port is an important international port for the transportation of goods in and out of the region and the world.
• White surface represents the white sand of Sihanoukville, a member of the most beautiful bay club in the world.
• The golden circle surrounds the entire area represents the administrative area and the boundaries of the entire territory of Sihanoukville.

Accessibility

• Road: The main roads from Phnom Penh to Preah Sihanouk province are National Road 4 (about 230 kilometers via Kampong Speu), National Road 3 (about 260 via Kampot), and Phnom Penh – Preah Sihanouk Expressway (about 187.05 kilometers via Kandal, Kampong Speu, Koh Kong and Preah Sihanouk). Traveler can access to the province via National Road 48 from Koh Kong as well.
• Waterway: there are several seaports such as Preah Sihanouk Autonomous Seaport, Tomnum Rolork Port, Stung Hav International Port, and Ok Nha Mong Rithy Port. However, travelers can access to the province via tourist port nearby Preah Sihanouk Autonomous Seaport.
• Air: Preah Sihanouk International Airport (KOS), formerly Sihanoukville International Airport and Kang Keng Airport, is about 20 kilometers from the east of Preah Sihanouk city. It is the country’s third largest international airport. The airfield was originally built in the 1960s with Soviet Union aid. After a long period of inactivity during and after the Khmer Rouge regime, the airport reopened on January 5, 2007. The runway was expanded to a length of 3,300 meters (10,827 feet) to accommodate 4E class aircraft. The two existing taxiways were enlarged, and a cargo apron for 4E class aircraft was constructed. However, after PMTair Flight U4 241 crashed shortly before landing in June 2007, regular passenger flights to the airport were stopped until 2011. From 2012 to 2021, the total passenger movements are over 3,200,000 passengers.   
• Railway: There is a 264 kilometers of railway link (Southern Line: Phnom Penh – Takeo, Kep, Kampot, and Preah Shinanouk) from Phnom Penh to Preah Sihanouk.

Tourism Products  

The province is a major tourist destination in Cambodia, offering a wide range of natural and cultural attractions. Key tourism resources include:

O Chheuteal Beach (ឆ្នេរអូរឈើទាល) One of the most popular beaches, known for its soft white sand, numerous beachfront restaurants, and lively atmosphere. Itis a 3.3 kilometers long beautiful white sand beach lined with casuarina and tamarisk tree, grass umbrellas, rental chairs, and standardized beach huts which carter food and beverage. It stretches out along the seaside and has shallow water. The beach is surrounded by pure air and sea waves which are good fun. It is located in Mondol 4 village of Sangkat Lek 4.

Serendipity Beach: Located at the end of Ochheuteal Beach, it is famous for its nightlife, bars, and backpacker scene. The western section of Ochheuteal beach, which is approximately 600 meters or one-fifth of the total length, is highly favored by Western tourists and has a couple of small guesthouses located directly on the beach. An American visitor who arrived in the 1990s is responsible for naming this area. Impressed by its untouched beauty and immaculate state at that time, he coined the term which soon became widely used.

Victory Beach (ឆ្នេរជ័យជំនះ) Victory beach spans approximately 300 meters and is situated at the northernmost point of the Sihanoukville peninsula. It was a popular destination for backpackers and continues to attract budget-conscious travelers. The beach’s northern end is home to a deep-water port. Extensive development projects were carried out by a group of Russian entrepreneurs in this area. Regular maintenance is conducted to upkeep the beach. It is located in Mondol Bei village, Sangkat Lek 3.

Sokha Beach (ឆ្នេរសុខា)៖ Sokha Beach stretches approximately 1.2 km and is situated to the west of Serendipity Beach. This beach is under private ownership and the southern section is taken up by the Sokha Beach Hotel, which is Cambodia’s inaugural luxury beach hotel. Despite being well-maintained and offering various amenities, guests are required to pay for their usage, and the presence of beach vendors is prohibited. It is a long beach with white sand, blue sea and boulders next to the water’s edge. There are coconut trees growing in rows along the beachfront. It has been an attractive place for both national and international tourists to relax.

Otres Beach (ឆ្នេរអូរត្រេះ)៖ The length of the beach is approximately 4.6 km, extending past the southern end of Ochheuteal Beach, around the small “Queen Hill” headland. The long stretch of white sand, bordered by casuarina and tamarisk trees, is much less developed and commercialized compared to Ochheuteal Beach. It has become a favored accommodation choice for Western tourists. From 2004 to 2011, the beach was home to several bungalows and dormitories managed by Western individuals. In May 2011, the authorities cleared the area, removing most of the beachside bungalows due to the illegal nature of on-beach accommodation and other reasons. Since 2012, additional permanent structures have been established beyond the beach road. It is a popular and well-established holiday destination, where prices have significantly increased in recent years. Further south from Ochheuteal, Otres Beach is quieter, with a more relaxed and bohemian vibe, offering a range of accommodations and beachside bars. Otres Beach is a beautiful white beach with clear water, fresh air, numerous plants growing close to the beach, and, at sunset, there is beautiful golden views and calm atmosphere making it the most suitable place to relax. It is located in Mondol 6 village, Sangkat Lek 4 of Preah Sihanouk city.

Lamherkay Beach or Hawaii Beach (ឆ្នេរលំហែរកាយ ឬឆ្នេរហាវ៉ៃ) ៖ Victory Beach’s southern extension lies to the north of Independence Beach and spans a comparable length of about 300 meters. This area marks the precise location where the initial groundwork for the construction of the Sihanoukville Autonomous Port was laid by the French/Cambodian construction team in 1955. The beach has amazing scenery with white sand beach and blue sea. There are many trees growing in a row and shallow seas that allow tourists to enjoy swimming. Moreover, there are many services such as food and beverages, renting thatch huts, and other playing equipment for rent. The beach is located in Mondul Mouy village, Sankgat Lek Bei of Preah Sihanouk city.

Independence Beach (ឆ្នេរឯករាជ្យ)៖ Independence Beach stretches for approximately 1.3 kilometers and is situated to the northwest of Sokha Beach. It derives its name from the Independence Hotel, which stands tall on a rock at its northern tip. the beach has white sand blue seas and a bridge across the sea. There are also trees growing in beautiful rows alongside pure and cool air from the sea. Independence Beach has been attracting both national and international tourists. The beach is located in Mondul Mouy village, Sankgat Lek Bei of Preah Sihanouk city.

Prek Chak Beach (ឆ្នេរព្រែកចាក) is a beautiful beach with white sand and surrounded by beautiful green forest. The atmosphere is so relaxing because of the sound of the rolling waves, impressive beach, clear blue water of the endless sea. As a result, it has attracted a large number of tourists.

Prek Treng Beach (ឆ្នេរព្រែកត្រែង)៖ The beach is located at the northernmost part of the city and stretches for approximately 1.5 km. It is situated behind the local port and is mostly deserted, lacking beach huts and bars, and only attracting visitors on weekends and holidays. The water is shallow, but the area lacks proper infrastructure and is not cleaned regularly. However, it has a white sandy beach and the big blue sea accompanied by natural scenery during every season. There is also a warm, pure sea breeze making it an ideal place for relaxation.

Ream Beach (ឆ្នេររាម)៖ Located to the south of Otres Beach, Ream Beach spans approximately 7.7 km in total and is made up of multiple segments, including intermittent areas of rocks and plants. Koh Ta Kiev is situated just 800 m from the beach’s southern tip.

Tabarang Beach (ឆ្នេរតាបារាំង) is a beautiful white beach with shallow blue seas suitable for swimming. There are also picnic huts that allow visitors to capture beautiful pictures of the sea. It is located in Rithy 2 village, Kaev Phos commune of Stung Hav district.  

Koh Dek Koul (កោះដែកគោល)៖ covers an area of 5,000​ square meters and is surrounded by coral reefs. This small island lies 7 kilometers off Victory Beach and only a further few hundred meters off Snake Island. The Russian Mirax Luxury Resort corporation operates a hotel business on this predominantly rocky island.

Koh Doung (កោះដូង)៖ Covering the area of 1.9 hectares, it is a newly created resort with beautiful sandy beaches crystal-clear seas to attract tourists. There are luxurious food and bed options. As soon as tourists arrive on this beautiful island, they will experience a wonderful view of the vast expanse of the Khmer Sea.

Koh Thas or Koh Kaong Kang (កោះថាស ឬ កោះកោងកាង) ៖ Covering an area of 0.9 square kilometers, it is a beautiful island with dense forests surrounded by blue seas suitable for snorkeling and fishing. It is one of the inner islands that is popular with snorkelers. The island is very flat; therefore, freshwater is scarce. One of the reasons why nobody lives there permanently.

Koh Dam (កោះដាំ)៖ covering area of 1.1 square kilometers, it was named as a paradise island and attracts tourists and divers to see coral reefs and all kinds of fish. In addition, the island is full of vegetation and offers a cool sea breeze along with blue ocean views.

Koh Koun (កោះកូន)៖ Covering an area of 6.9 hectares, a small island between Koh Rong and Koh Rong Sanloem. It is a beautiful island with no beach, is unhabituated, but a popular spot for diving and snorkeling.

Koh Bong – P’Oun “កោះបងប្អូន” or Koh SangSa (Lover Island) ៖ Covering an area of 6.1 hectares, these two tiny islets off Koh Rong’s northeast, it is home of Sang Saa Resort.

Koh Proes (កោះប្រើស)៖ Covering an area of 0.5 hectares,

Koh Pring (កោះព្រីង)៖ Covering an area of 0.7 square kilometers, is a Cambodian island in Thailand’s Gulf, 64 km from the coastal city of Sihanoukville. Official sources provide no information about civilian communities in the “Outer Islands”. The Cambodian navy is in charge of administration because the island is part of the national marine border and serves as an isolated outpost. Koh Pring is the largest island in a small archipelago of three (Koh Pring, Koh Doung, and Koh Trangol). It is an isolated island which is suitable for adventure travelers. The island has a small fishing village with two beaches and allows tourists to enjoy diving to see coral reefs, sharks and whales from December to March. Tourists can also enjoy beautiful sunsets.

Koh Puos (កោះពស់)៖ Covering an area of 1.1 square kilometer, it is also known as Morokot Island. This island lies 800 meters off Victory Beach. In 2010s, the island is under development by Russian investors and being converted into a luxury holiday destination and high standard residential area. It is a beautiful island resort with white beaches surrounded by blue sea. Tourists can visit the island via Koh Puos bridge, but the bridge is not currently open for public traffic.

Koh Russei or Bamboo Island (កោះឬស្សី)៖ is one of a group of small islands in the Gulf of Thailand, located about 4.5 kilometers off the coast of Preah Sihanouk city. Covering an area of 1.4 square kilometers, it is a beautiful island with blue sea, beautiful beaches, pink or red sand and dense jungle. In addition, tourists can see the clear sunsets, swim, see beautiful corals and sea fish. There is a resort and bar for tourists to enjoy. Moreover, there is a small naval base on the island.

Koh Rong (កោះរ៉ុង)៖ is a beautiful natural island covering 78 square kilometers, and one of the major tourist attraction sites in Preah Sihanouk. The largest island, known for its pristine beaches, crystal-clear waters, forests, rock and lush vegetation are the key resources, along with much Sealife. The island is fully equipped with tourism facilities such as B&B and other entrainment services. Popular activities include snorkeling, diving, and boat tours. About 26 kilometers west of the Preah Sihanouk city, its terrain is mostly hilly, with a large peak in the islands southwest. The hills give water to creeks, lagoons, and estuaries. The island’s interior is almost entirely forested. Although there are numerous guest hotels and taverns in and around Koh Tuich village, the island remains completely empty; its sheer immensity dwarfs’ other settlements. As of 2016, there is a reliable ferry network between Sihanoukville and Koh Rong.

Koh Rong Samloem (កោះរ៉ុងសន្លឹម)៖ Koh Rong Sanloem Island is around 9 km long, 4 km wide and 1 km wide at its narrowest point, and one of the main tourist destinations in Preah Sihanouk province. South of Koh Rong, it is similar in shape and geology to its larger sister: it is slightly thinner, covered in deep forest, flatter overall, and has considerably less landmass in relation to its coastline. The marine life of Koh Rong Sanloem is extensive and offers numerous diving opportunities. As of 2016, there is a reliable ferry service between Sihanoukville and Koh Rong Sanloem. There are many resorts available there and prices range from cheap dorm beds to modern villas. Tourists can enjoy seeing the scenery of the forest, white beach and the crystal-clear sea. A quieter and more relaxed island than Koh Rong, with beautiful beaches and opportunities for eco-tourism, snorkeling, and diving.

Koh Sampoch (កោះសំពោច)៖ Covering an area of 0.5 hectares, the island is home to a few natural attractions. For instance, Sampoch Island Beach is a beautiful, white sand beach surrounded by green forest that creates a wonderful scenery with cool air and a relaxing atmosphere. When tourists arrive, they will feel fresh due to the surrounding nature and pure air from the sea.

Koh She (កោះសេះ)៖ Covering an area of 7.7 square kilometers, it lies 1.5 km south of Koh Thmei and around 9 km south of the main-land of Sihanoukville’s Ream commune. Koh Seh is uninhabited while most of its shores are fringed with mangroves. The island constitutes the south-easternmost part of Ream Marine National Park. Less than 400 meters south-west of Koh Seh lies the tiny islet of Koh Ky.

Koh Ta Keiv (កោះតាគៀវ)៖ Covering an area of 6.7 square kilometers, it is the biggest of a small group of Cambodian islands situated 4 km off Otres beach, Sihanoukville City and just 1 km off the coast of Ream National Park, Sihanoukville Province. Its predominantly forested area and is mostly flat with hills at some points. On the island’s east side, there is a small fishing town. Apart from the Cambodian Navy, which maintains a small outpost with a port, there is little infrastructure. Three beaches attract visitors and tourists. After years of drawing individual guests, a large-scale resort development is planned. There are currently a couple guesthouses and a campsite available for travelers to stay. The island may be reached by ferry or speedboat from Ream Beach, which is close to Sihanoukville International Airport. The island is a natural attraction site and a good place for relaxing with your loved ones, family and friends. In addition, Koh Ta Keiv Island is particularly surrounded by blue sea and full of coral reefs and beautiful beaches. Koh Ta Kiev Beach is a beautiful white sand beach surrounded by lush green forest and mountain. When tourists arrive at the Koh Ta Kiev Beach, they will feel fresh because of the pure air and a fascinating view.

Koh Tang (កោះតាំង)៖ Covering an area of 5.9 square kilometers, it is the biggest of a group of Cambodian islands off the coast of Sihanoukville Province in the Gulf of Thailand. The island is situated approximately 52 km (32 mi) off the southwest coast of Cambodia. There are no permanent civilian inhabitants living on the island. The Cambodian military maintain a base with a sizable number of personnel. It is a beautiful island with white beach and blue sea where tourists can dive to see coral reefs and marine life. Although the island is still underdeveloped, tourists can stay and enjoy food services and enjoy many recreational activities.

Koh Thmei (កោះថ្មី)៖ Covering an area of 40.3 square kilometers, it is immediately southeast of the Preah Sihanouk headland. Koh Thmei Island is part of the Ream National Park, which is a protected area. The island has beautiful scenery, surrounded by lush mangrove forests. In addition, tourists can also visit the many kinds of wildlife and birds. Tourists can also relax here and receive other services.

Koh Touch (កោះតូច)៖​ Covering an area of 1.4 hectares, it is a tiny island off Koh Rong. There is a small pagoda on it in service since 2010. Shallow waters allow good snorkeling spots around the whole island.

Koh Tres (កោះត្រេះ)៖ Covering an area of 7.5 hectares, it is located off O Tres beach and easy to reach (15 minute by Kayak) and has got a beach of around 10 square meters in size, which is submerged during high tide. It is an island with beautiful scenery, cool fresh air, crystal-clear waters with white beach that tourists can enjoy.

Preah Sihanouk Ream Marine National Park (ឧទ្យានជាតិសមុទ្រព្រះសីហនុរាម)៖ A coastal park covering 39,634 hectares, featuring mangroves, tropical forests, rivers, and a diverse range of wildlife. It’s a great destination for birdwatching, boat tours, and hiking.

Kbal Chhay Waterfall (ទឹកធ្លាក់ក្បាលឆាយ)៖ Located a bit inland from Sihanoukville, this scenic waterfall is a popular spot for picnics, swimming, and photography.​ It is a beautiful natural attraction site full of boulders and good for swimming. The most beautiful time to visit is in the rainy season between July and October. The plunging water forms white bubbles and sounds like birds singing, to create a perfectly relaxing environment.

Dom Nak Sdach or King’s Residence is a former royal residence of King Father Norodom Sihanouk built between 1962- 1965 on the top of Kirirom Mountain. It is very old, but it has a beautiful view. There are plenty of pine trees and green grass growing under the pine trees, and a beautiful lake next to the mountain, making for a stress-free and relaxing environment for tourists. It is located at O Bak Roteh commune of Kampong Seila district.  

Preah Sihanouk province, located in southwestern Cambodia, is a coastal region known for its thriving tourism sector. The tourism business establishments in this area primarily cater to beachgoers, nature lovers, and travelers interested in the island life of Cambodia. Some key types of tourism businesses found in Preah Sihanouk province include:

Accommodation: The province is home to several high-end hotels and resorts, particularly around the popular beaches of Sihanoukville and the nearby islands, like Koh Sangsa, Koh Krabei, Koh Rong and Koh Rong Samloem. Some offer private beaches, luxurious amenities, and high-end dining. Numerous mid-range hotels cater to tourists looking for affordable stays. These range from small boutique hotels to larger guesthouses and budget chains. For budget travelers, especially backpackers, hostels provide dormitory-style accommodations at a low cost. There are 107 Hotels and Resorts (equally 8,445 rooms), 41 Bungalows (equally 646 rooms), and 54 guesthouses and hostels (equally 893 rooms).

Restaurant and Eatery Services: The coastal location means many restaurants specialize in fresh seafood (Seafood Restaurants). Some are beachfront establishments offering local Khmer dishes, while others serve international cuisine. In Sihanoukville and nearby areas, many restaurants cater to international tourists, offering Western-style food, Italian, French, and other global cuisines. Small, family-run food stalls are popular among locals and visitors alike, serving traditional Khmer food at affordable prices. Moreover, Cafés and Coffee Shops are popular spots for relaxing and enjoying local and international coffee brands and snacks. There are 140 Restaurant and Eatery services.

Transportation Services: Moreover, many travel agencies also offer transportation services to and from Phnom Penh and other provinces, as well as island ferry services.

Entertainment Services: Along the coast, especially in Sihanoukville, bars and pubs with ocean views are common. They offer a laid-back vibe during the day and lively nightlife with music and drinks at night. Sihanoukville is known for its energetic nightlife scene, with several nightclubs that attract both locals and international tourists. There are 24 KTV place (equally 268 rooms), 9 discotheques, and 5 Beer Gardens.

Wellness and Spa Services:  Many hotels and independent businesses offer spa services, including traditional Khmer massages, beauty treatments, and wellness retreats. There are 37 places equally 353 beds.

Tour Operators and Travel Agents: Numerous travel agencies offer boat tours to the islands (Island Hopping Tours), such as Koh Rong, Koh Rong Samloem, and other lesser-known islets. These tours often include snorkeling, diving, and beach hopping. There are operators that provide eco-tourism experiences, such as jungle trekking, waterfall tours, and zip-lining adventures.

Other Activities:

• Scuba Diving Schools: With its proximity to marine life-rich waters, Preah Sihanouk is home to several diving centers offering courses and guided dives.
• Snorkeling and Water Sports: Businesses provide equipment rental for activities such as snorkeling, kayaking, jet skiing, and paddleboarding.
• Sihanoukville has gained a reputation for its casinos, catering primarily to Chinese tourists. Several large casino complexes are found in the area, offering a range of gaming experiences, entertainment shows, and upscale dining.

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