Kampot Province

Kampot is one of the southwest provinces of Cambodia which is 148 kilometers from Phnom Penh along National Road 3, 31, 33 and railway connection. Kampot, covering 4,873 square kilometers, is one of the coastal provinces of Cambodia. Its neighboring provinces are (from north clockwise) Kampong Speu and Koh Kong to the north, Takeo to the east, Kep and the country of Vietnam to the south, and Preah Sihanouk and the gulf of Thailand to the west.

The name Kampot refers to a long-time village known by locals located in Prek Kampot, which originates from Phnom Damrey (Elephant Mountain). According to the legend said, there was a wealthy woman named Neang Pot who lived there and was very influential and highly respected by the villagers due to her great wealth. The residents gathered around her home and lived as a Group, in Khmer “Kram”. Thus, it was called Krom Neang Pot and then Kram Pot. Later, the word “Krom” became “Kam”. A similar story tell is told that during the fall of Longvek era, King Ream run away from the rebellion in his palace and fled to live with his wife, along with some loyal servants. His wife, named Consort Pot, fell ill and died there. To be the lasting memory for his beloved consort, the King named the place Kampot.

Beside the above story tells, there are two different explanations regarding the word Kampot: 1). According to some scholars, the name Kampot comes from an inscription found in an abandoned leaf hut behind the Kampot village. The inscription is 30-centimeter height, with two small inscriptions on both sides. The locals named the inscriptions as Kampot and it becomes a worship object; 2). In the south of Kampot lake, another large inscription shaped like a Kro Pot fish (pufferfish) was found in a bush. Thus, the word Kro Pot later became Kampot.

Another explanation, but less accurate, is the word Kampot, derived from the word Kampuchea (Cambodia), which has the sound “Kam”. Moreover, according to the documents of Mr. Deu Van, he wrote to the Khmer Traditional Group (ក្រុមទំនៀមទម្លាប់ខ្មែរ) published on August 22, 1953 that Kampot City was originally richen with Jambolifera resinosa tree (ដើមស្មាច់) and Licuala spinosa tree (ដើមផ្អាវ) along the seashore, which allows maritime merchants to dock their boats and ships. Then, Cham, Chinese, Khmer, and Vietnamese built huts along the bank of Kampong Bay River, connected to the island for business. The area where Cham, Chinese, Khmer, and Vietnamese built their huts in the shape of “Kompit Kompot” (bush-shape) was considered to be called “Kampout” village (ភូមិកំប៉ូត). After that, when there are houses, the vendors set up the small stalls for selling food to Chinese, Vietnamese, Cham, Javanese traders and travelers who dock and stop over to have a food. Later, travelers named the place “Psar Kampout” or “Kampout” village or Psar Kampong Bay. Lastly, the two names are used interchangeably, some called “Kampout” market, others called Kampong Bay market, but today it is called Kampot province.

Kampot is divided into 7 administrative districts and 2 municipalities, Kampot City and Bokor City. The province has one international border gates, called Prek Chark checkpoint; one bilateral checkpoint (Ton Hon); and seven seaport checkpoints such as Kampot Provincial Seaport, Kampot Company Seaport, Kampot-Kampong Bay seaport, Kampot Logistics and Port Co, Ltd., Jing Guar Import-Export seaport, and Kampot Tourism Seaport. With over 700,000 people, the province is Cambodia’s seventeenth largest area and twelfth populous. Kampot is a significant province historically, where many colonial structures, artifacts, and prehistoric settlements have been discovered.

History

Kampot Province is located in southern Cambodia, known for its rich history, cultural heritage, and natural beauty. Here’s a brief overview of its history:

Pre-History or Early History Period

Kampot has a long history of human settlement, with evidence suggesting it was an important area during the Funan (1st century to 550 A.D.) and Chenla periods (6th century to 802 A.D.). The ancient Funan sites in neighboring Takéo Province indicate occupation from around 400 B.C. These sites also contain the earliest known Khmer inscriptions and Khmer sculpture. The archaeological evidence from Oc Eo in neighboring Vietnam, includes Roman, Chinese, and Indian goods, which suggests that Funan must have been a powerful trading state. The port of Kampot may have supplemented access via the Mekong River.

During the Angkorian period (802-1431 A.D.), Kampot probably maintained its strategic importance to Khmer Empire. However, during the 17th century, the Khmer king sponsored Mac Cuu (Spelled Mok Kui), was a Chinese exile from Guangdong, China, to migrate to Banteay Mas​, Kampot, where he served as chief of a small Chinese community, with the Khmer title Oknha. Later, he founded the principality of Ha Tien, Vietnam (originally known under the Khmer as Piem/Peam or Banteay Meas province). From here, he and his descendants established a small empire stretching from Ca Mau​ (originally known under Khmer as Toek Khmao Province), Vietnam to Kampong Som (Sihanoukville), including Phu Quoc Island, and the area of Kien Giang (originally known under the Khmer as Kramuon Sar province).

Colonial Period
In the late 19th century, Cambodia became a French protectorate, and Kampot was an important administrative center. The French established infrastructure, including roads and buildings, some of which still stand today. Kampot developed economically during this period, with agriculture (notably pepper production) and trade flourishing. The French influence is still visible in the architecture and urban planning of Kampot town.

In 1923, during the reign of Samdech Preah Sisowath, Kampot was formed into a single province with three subordinate districts: Kampot district was located in Kampot, which included Kampot and Kampongsom provinces (Sihanoukville), Banteay Meas Province is now Banteay Meas District, located at Touk Meas, and Koh Kong Province is now considered to be Koh Kong District, located at Koh Kapi. Later, in 1935, Kampot was reorganized from three major districts into seven, including Kampot, Chhouk, Kampong Som, Banteay Meas or Peam (present day Ha Tien province), Kampong Trach, Koh Kong, and Chumneap districts.

Kampot Province during the reign of King Sisowath Monivong (1927-1941) was divided into following districts and regions:

• Chao Vai Khet “ចៅហ្វាយខេត្ត” (Provincial Governor): Oknha Sena Anuchit Bora Rarn Kream Sangkhe keam Udomkrampahu “ឧកញ៉ា​សេនាអនុជិតបុរារន្តគ្រាម​សងិ្ខគាម​ឧត្ដមក្រមពាហុ”
• Phu Chuy Khet “ភូឈួយខេត្ត” (Vice Provincial Governor): Chumnith Rithy Rong “ជំនិតឫទ្ធិរង្គ”
• Ballat Khet “បាឡាត់ខេត្ត”: Pichey Sakor “ពិជ័យសាគរ”
• Chao Vai Srok Kampot “ចៅហ្វាយស្រុកកំពត” (Governor of Kampot District): Sena Pichet “សេនាវិជិត”
• Ballat Srok Kampot “បាឡាត់ស្រុកកំពត” (Ballat of Kampot District): Bamrong Sena “បំរុងសេនា”
• Chao Dambon Prey Nup “ចៅតំបន់ព្រៃនប់” (Governor of Prey Nup Region): Va Nea Nuchit “វនានុជិត”
• Chao Vai Srok Banteay Meas “ចៅហ្វាយស្រុកបន្ទាយមាស” (Governor of Banteay Meas District): Yothear Theb Padei “យោធាធិបតី”
• Ballat Srok Banteay Meas “បាឡាត់ស្រុកបន្ទាយមាស” (Ballat of Banteay Meas District): Bamrong Sena “វិជិតយោធា”
• Chao Dambon Tani “ចៅតំបន់តានី” (Governor of Tani Region): Chum Nith Yothear “ជំនិតយោធា”
• Chao Vai Srok Kampong Trach “ចៅហ្វាយស្រុកកំពង់ត្រាច” (Governor of Kampong Trach District): Reachea Sethei “រាជាសេដ្ឋី”
• Chao Vai Srok Kampongsom “ចៅហ្វាយស្រុកកំពង់សោម” (Governor of Kampongsom District): Tbaes Sangkream “ត្បែសសង្រ្គាម”
• Chao Dambon Chhat Au “ចៅតំបន់ឆាត់ឱ” (Governor of Chhat Au Region): Muntrei Chonbot “មន្ត្រីជនបទ”
• Chao Vai Srok Chhouk “ចៅហ្វាយស្រុកឈូក” (Governor of Chhouk District): Botum Sena “បុទុមសេនា”
• Chao Vai Srok Koh Kong “ចៅហ្វាយស្រុកកោះកុង” (Governor of Koh Kong District): Pichey Roeung Rith “ពិជ័យរឿងឫទ្ធិ”
• Chao Dambon Tror Paing Roung “ចៅតំបន់ត្រពាំងរូង” (Governor of Tror Paing Roung Region): Chonbot Aphibal “ជនបទអភិបាល”
• Chao Vai Srok Damnab “ចៅហ្វាយស្រុកដំនាប់” (Governor of Damnab District): Chumnith Sangkream “ជំនិតសង្គ្រាម”

During the French colonial period, the coastal region was administered from Kampot. It had an accumulation of eight villages with 2,500 inhabitants (Khmer, Chinese, Malays, Vietnamese) who worked as farmers, merchants and fishers. To the east of the town were five small villages of Vietnamese fishermen and Chinese merchants (pepper), including Kep which was a center for pepper production. To the west were 10 mainly Chinese and Vietnamese villages, some of which were centers for boat building. All communities were inhabited by Chinese merchants and Khmer peasants, and habitually located on small rivers that could act as mini-ports. Eastern centers mainly focused on pepper production, with exports to Saigon via Ha Tien, Vietnam and the Vinh-Te Canal. The western centers exported rice and forest products to Kampot and Bangkok using Chinese or Malay Sea junks. The installation of the Resident Marquant and the Route Colonial No.17 stimulated development of Kompong Bay village with construction of the market in 1900, and the pier, fish market and the river boulevard for the urban center completed by 1907.

We know very little information about the history of Kampot due to the lack of research documents. Most of the descriptions of Kampot’s history are pepper, salt and resorts created during the colonial era only. A record of Cambodia by Zhou Daguan used to describe pepper production in the early 13th century, but the actual pepper production dates back to the Aceh War in Indonesia between 1873-1908. The Sultan of Aceh burned pepper plantations in 1873-1874 because he did not want the Dutch to take over the rich pepper fields. Due to this, part of the pepper production was diverted to Kampot province instead. In 1930, in the book titled “Un Empire Francaise, L’Indochine” under the direction of Georges Maspero wrote that pepper was the most important export product of the colonies. Almost all of the pepper was imported into France, 2,100 tons in 1927 and 2,600 tons in 1928 from Indochina and as of April 1928, there was a law on the export of pepper without Limits out of colonial countries. The French colonies were able to export more than 3,000 tons on average in three years, and exported 4,235 tons in 1927. Pepper production almost disappeared in Cochinchina (pepper plantations in Ha Tien, Vietnam) when pepper plantations fell into the hands of Chinese pepper growers in Hainan Province, but production remained stable in Cambodia.

Independence and Conflict Period
After World War II, Cambodia gained independence from France in 1953. Kampot continued to be an important agricultural region, despite the Vietnam-American War (The Battle of Kampot was a major battle of the Vietnam War), until the Khmer Rouge regime (1975-1979). From 26th February to 2nd April 1974, Cambodian government troops battled Khmer Rouge guerrillas for the control of Kampot city. The Khmer Rouge eventually captured the city, and commenced incursions into Vietnam until the Vietnamese invaded Cambodia and removed the Khmer Rouge (1979). The Pol Pot regime sought to de-modernize Cambodia and Kampot suffered, as did all areas of the country and coast, especially Kep. Following the fall of the Khmer Rouge, Kampot began a slow recovery process. The province has since seen economic development, particularly in tourism, agriculture, and fisheries.

Modern Day
In recent years, Kampot has become a popular tourist destination. Visitors are drawn to its colonial architecture, scenic landscapes, and natural attractions like Preah Monivong Bokor National Park and the Kampot River. Moreover, Kampot is famous for its high-quality pepper, which is a significant export product. The region’s fertile soil and favorable climate make it ideal for pepper cultivation.

Dignitaries who were former governors of Kampot since 1966
There were 16 Governors of Kampot Province from 1966-Present, including:

1. H.E. Nhean Thien (ឯកឧត្តម ញៀន ធៀន) 1966
2. H.E. Ung Nhoich (ឯកឧត្តម អ៊ុង ញ៉ច) 1972
3. H.E. Tor Ma (ឯកឧត្តម ទោ ម៉ា) 09 Janaury 1979
4. H.E. Saom Chin (ឯកឧត្តម សោម ចិន) 1980-1989
5. H.E. Koy Loun (ឯកឧត្តម កុយ លួន) 10 April 1989
6. H.E. Khoun Sok (ឯកឧត្តម ឃួន សុខ) 1989
7. H.E. An Hae (ឯកឧត្តម អាន ហេ) 1990-1993
8. H.E. Tith Ream (ឯកឧត្តម ទិត រាម) 18 December 1993
9. H.E. Kun Kemteng (ឯកឧត្តម គន់ គឹមតេង) 1993-1999
10. H.E. Ly Sou (ឯកឧត្តម លី ស៊ូ) 1999-2001
11. H.E. Puth Chandarith (ឯកឧត្តម ពុធ ចន្តារិទ្ធ) 2001-2006
12. H.E. Tharch Khorn (ឯកឧត្តម ថាច់ ឃន) 2006-2008
13. H.E. Khouy Khunhour (ឯកឧត្តម ខួយ ឃុនហ៊ួរ) 2009-2016
14. H.E. Chan Chesda (ឯកឧត្តម ចាន់ ចេស្តា) 2016-2018
15. H.E. Cheav Tay (ឯកឧត្តម ជាវ តាយ) 2018-2021
16. H.E. Mao Thanin (ឯកឧត្តម ម៉ៅ ធនិន) 2021-Present

Geography
Kampot’s geographical diversity, from coastal plains to mountainous regions, not only supports a variety of economic activities but also enhances its appeal as a tourist destination. The province’s natural beauty and resources make it a vital part of Cambodia’s ecological and cultural landscape. Here’s an overview of Kampot’s geography:

• Topography: The province has a coastline along the Gulf of Thailand, featuring beaches, mangroves, and coastal plains. The coastal areas are important for fishing and tourism. The topography and geographical characteristics of Kampot province are divided into four main parts: Eastern part (Lowlands and River Valleys) is the plain area which is under the influence of Mekong River and has waterway network that are fertile and suitable for rice, pepper, and other types of agricultural crops. Northern part is the plateau area that consists of lush forest and limestone which is used for making cement and building material. Western part is a high mountain area of Elephant Mountain Range where Bokor National Park is located in, reaching about 1,081 meters (3,547 feet) above sea level. This National Park covers a total area of 156,116 hectares . Southern part is the coastal area that its length is 76 km. This area is potential for salt production.
• Water Bodies: Kampot River, also known as the Prek Kampong Bay, runs through Kampot town and is a key feature of the province. It provides water for irrigation, supports fishing, and is popular for recreational activities like boating and kayaking. It is also suitable location for accommodation business along the river bank. A tributary of the Kampot River, the Teuk Chhou River is known for its scenic rapids and is a popular spot for picnics and swimming. Moreover, Kampot also border with coastal line and the gulf of Thailand. The coastal waters and rivers provide abundant fishing opportunities, contributing to the local economy.
• Climate: Kampot experiences a tropical monsoon climate, characterized by distinct wet and dry seasons. From May to October (Wet Season), with heavy rainfall and high humidity. The southwest monsoon brings significant precipitation during this period. From November to April (Dry Season), with less rainfall and cooler temperatures, particularly in the highland areas like Bokor National Park.
  Natural Resources, Vegetation and Land Use: The province’s alluvial soils in the river valleys are highly fertile, supporting the cultivation of crops such as rice, fruits, and the famous Kampot pepper. Kampot’s vegetation ranges from coastal mangroves and tropical rainforests in the mountains to agricultural fields in the plains. Kampot’s diverse ecosystems, particularly in Bokor National Park, are home to various wildlife species, including mammals, birds, reptiles, and insects. Conservation efforts are in place to protect these habitats. The coastal areas and mangroves support rich marine biodiversity, important for both ecological balance and local livelihoods.
  • The Preah Monivong Bokor National Park covered land area of 156,116 hectares sharing with Kampot, Kampong Speu, and Preah Sihanouk provinces.
  • The Anlung Pring Protected Landscape covered land area of 217 hectares.
  • The Phnom Preah Guhea Lorng Natural Heritage Site covered land area of 27 hectares, located in Touk Meas commune, Banteay Meas district, Kampot.
  • The Phnom Totung Phnom Toch Natural Heritage Site covered land area of 83.44 hectares, located in between Dang Tung and Banteay Meas districts, Kampot.

Administrative divisions
As of 2024, the province is divided into 2 municipalities (Krong) and 07 districts (Srok), 08 Sangkat and 85 communes (Khum), and 491 villages. Based on Population Census of 2019 , the total population is 593,829 people (female 306,239), the number of households is 143,402 households, and the density is 145 people/km2. Kampot municipality is the seat of government, commonly known Krong Kampot or Kampot City.

• Kampot Municipality (05 Sangkat)
• Bokor Municipality (03 Sangkat)
• Angkor Chey District (11 Khum)
• Banteay Meas District (15 Khum)
• Chhuk District (15 Khum)
• Chum Kiri District (07 Khum)
• Dang Tung District (10 Khum)
• Kampong Trach District (14 Khum)
• Tuek Chhou District (16 Khum)
  

The provincial symbol is decaled by Ministry of Interior via a Prakas No.4213 BrK dated 1 August 2018 on the Establishment of Kampot Province Symbol. The symbol has shape and image as follow:

• The circle-shape
• The blue cone shape represents friendship, fraternity, equality, respect for human rights, liberal multi-party democracy, and peace in the province.
• The white image of factory repreents the industrial sector that promotes economic activity.
• The red cone shape represents the boldness, heroism and courage of the Khmer nation in defending the territorial integrity of the nation, religion, the King and the Royal Government.
• The white image of pepper pod represents the agricultural sector, which has economic potential of the province.
• The image of grid figure and salt mounds represents the salt production land, which is the province’s second economic potential.
• The blue waves represent the situation of the provinces in the coastal area, with a large sea area and beaches, which are potential for maritime fisheries and tourism.
• The mountains and the mainland represent the geography of the provinces, which are mountainous and plateaus with forests, wildlife, ecosystems, mineral resources and eco-tourism.
• Two palm trees represent the natural environment, forest, tourism and the rich and popular coconut products in the province
• The golden flowers of the Angkorian period art (Kbach Phni Tes Angkor) represents the glorious Khmer culture and civilization that has existed from the past to the present.
• The dark yellow rice husk surrounded by a semi-circle represents the rich rice yield and the province’s first economic potential.

Accessibility

• Road: The main road through Kampot is National Road 3, which starts in Phnom Penh. Moreover, there are several Provincial National Road such as NR31, NR32, and NR33. and
• Railway: There is a railway link (Southern Line: Phnom Penh – Takeo, Kep, Kampot, and Preah Sihanouk) pass through the province around 166 kilometers.
• Waterway: there are seven seaports such as Kampot Provincial Seaport, Kampot Company Seaport, Kampot-Kampong Bay seaport, Kampot Logistics and Port Co, Ltd., Jing Guar Import-Export seaport, and Kampot Tourism Seaport that travelers can access to Kampot via maritime route.
  

Local Dishes
Kampot has many renowned dishes such as:

• M’rech Kampot or Kampot Pepper “ម្រេចកំពត”: is Cambodian’s most prized seasoning ingredient. Kampot pepper is actually received Geographical Indication (GI) status as specific to Kampot. There are three different types of Kampot pepper: white, black and red. Pepper has always played an important role in the industry sector of Kampot. The bitter taste and pepper powder (grinded pepper) make Kampot pepper the most special pepper in the world, the king of unrivaled spices in the kitchen of French chefs.
• Num Ban Chok Toek M’hech “នំបញ្ចុកទឹកម្ហេច” (Kampot Khmer Rice Noodle): this noodle is little bit different for others Khmer rice noodle soup such as Khmer soup, Nam Ya, or curry, on its soup and noodle’s texture. The special feature of the soup is its protein made form boiled sea fish and mixed with chopped garlic, onion, pepper, fish sauce, sugar, salt and fish stock.
• Kampot Crab Fried Rice “បាយឆាក្តាម” located in Sangkat Angduang Khmer, Kampot City.
• Num Chaan Prai Num Chaan Paem “នំចានប្រៃ នំចានផ្អែម” (Samaki Market of Kampot City)
• Num Banh Kep or Num Bompong “នំបាញ់កែប ឬនំបំពង់” (Kampong Khraeng of Toek Chuu district)
• Num Korng Prey Tob “នំកងព្រៃតុម្ព” (Prey Tob village, Prey Khmum commune of Toek Chuu district)
• Num Moit Chhnang “នំមាត់ឆ្នាំង” (Sovansakor village, Sangkat Kampong Kandal of Kampot city)
• Num Sambok Chab “នំសំបុកចាប” (Sangkat Kraing Ampil of Kampot city and Trapaing Thom of Toek Chuu district)
• Num Keam Pav “នំគាមប៉ាវ” (Sovansakor village, Sangkat Kampong Kandal of Kampot city)
• Num Kror Lav Chi “នំក្រឡោជី” (Kampong Khraeng of Toek Chuu district)
• Num Dangkov “នំដង្កូវ” (Kampong Khraeng of Toek Chuu district): is an authentic Cambodia traditional snack which made from a mixture of fresh coconut cream, sugar, egg, and flour.
• Num Sloek Chark “នំស្លឹកចាក” (Toek Chuu district): this cake is made from sticky rice that is soaked and grounded into a powder, then mixed with palm sugar, sesame and coconut and packed with Chak leaves before roasting.
• Kampot Durian: is rich in flavor and texture. It is definitely one of the classiest fruits in Cambodia. Kampot has become the durain hub of the country since the 1940s. The durian season is from June to July right earlier the rainy season.
  

Tourism Products
Being one of other provinces setting in Coastal zone, Kampot has been considered as a center for agriculture and agricultural crop processing. It is also seen as a commercial and economical center for regional and international, and known as a cultural, historical and natural tourist destination due to its good geography condition, aquatic resources, cultural heritage and specialty of agricultural products such as durian, pepper, salt and other aquatic products. Today, Kampot is also an important tourist destination of Cambodia where there are number of attractions ranging from historical, cultural heritage, natural, and man-made such as Preah Monivong National Park, Then Sour Bokor Resort, Phnom Doung resort, Kampot River, Trapang Sangke Community Tourism, Toek Chhou waterfall, Le Plantation, etc. Here are some of the key attractions and activities:

• En Th’nou Brigde or Rainbow-shape bridge “ស្ពានឥន្ធនូ”: a concrete bridge was built in 1922 during the French Colonization era in Cambodia. Presently, the bridge is functional only for walking and biking due to its damage condition.
  Kampot Provincial Museum “សារៈមន្ទីរខេត្តកំពត”: it is home to a French former residence which was built in 1908. Adapted from the French Architectural style, this museum contains a collection of many old photos, sculptures from ancient temples and other interesting materials from the French colonial period. It located in Kampong Bay village, Sangkat Kampong Bay, Kampot City.
• Old Market or Phsar Nath Market “ផ្សារចាស់ ឬផ្សារណាត់កំពត”: it is the French architectural building, located in Mouy Ousaphea village, Sangkat Kampong Kandal, Kampot City. Present day, this market is served as commercial area for tourist where there are many restaurants and stores offering food and beverage services and souvenir stuff.
  Le Bokor Palace or Old Casino “កាស៊ីណូចាស់”: is an old building that was a former casino and hotel. It is located on the top of Bokor Mountain and has a calm, fresh atmosphere. The area often has fog and rich, colorful flowers, which combined with the beauty of the old-fashioned casino building that was recently renovated in the same classic style, becomes a wonderful view for tourists.
• Phnom Chhngok Cave Temple “ប្រាសាទល្អាងភ្នំឈ្ងោក”: it is an ancient temple which was constructed in a cave during the middle of the Funan and Chenla period in 617 A.D., to worship the Brahaman God Shiva. Visitors need to climb the mountain by climbing 200 steps and then head into the Damrei Thom cave to reach the temple. The temple is made of bricks in the cave, which stands about 40m high from the ground. There are natural rocks in the shape of lingam growing from the bottom and others from the ceiling of the cave, some of which almost touch each other in the middle of the temple. It is a sacred place for both national and international tourists. A Hindu temple inside a limestone cave which offering a unique combination of natural beauty and historical significance is located in Bos Trabek village, Trapeang Pring commune, Toek Chhou district.
  Phnom Kbal Romeas “ភ្នំក្បាលរមាស”: Located in Trapeang Pring commune of Toek Chhou district, the mountain is an exemplary cave for the nearby limestone mountains. The historical background of Kbal Romeas cave includes findings of ceramic shards that date back several thousand years, into the stone age. Climbing deeper into the cave requires some skills. Some parts are quite narrow and deep, and other parts are steep and a bit slippery.
• Phnom Khyong Temple “ប្រាសាទភ្នំខ្ញុង”: Located in Khyong village, Prasat Phnom Khyong commune of Kampong Trach district, this temple was built during the late 6th or early 7th century A.D., during the transition between the Funan and Chenla eras. It was built in a natural cave that is 6 meters deep. From the top of the mountain to the bottom, there are small entrances with a series of brick stairs. In the center of the temple, there is a Shiva Linga rising from the bottom of the mountain. Local people believe this temple is very sacred.
• Sampov Pram Pagoda “វត្តសំពៅប្រាំ”: the pagoda was constructed in 1924 during the reign of King Sisowath Monivong. It is located on the peak and there are five weird-shaped rocks, that are flat and stand 10-meters-high, 10-meters wide and in rows that resemble the opened sail of sailboat. Furthermore, the area is often surrounded by fog, which combines with the panoramic view from the summit to create a remarkable experience.
  Preah Monivong Bokor National Park “ឧទ្យានជាតិព្រះមុន្នីវង្សបូកគោ”: Established in 1993, this park is famous for its cool climate, lush forests, waterfalls, and stunning views. The old French hill station, Bokor Palace Hotel, and the Bokor Church are notable historical sites within the park. On the top of the mountain, tourist can see the fascinating view of the Krong Kompot, Kep beach and other islands. Bokor was founded in 1917 by a Frenchman and it was developed in 1921 by King Sisovath. Bokor mountain is also a famous place for the French nobility as well as the royal family.
  The 9-level Waterfall “ទឹកធ្លាក់៩ជាន់”: Located in Anlong Khmeng Leng village, Decho Akphivoadth commune of Chhouk district, it is a waterfall resort with nine-stepped cascade. It is a beautiful natural attraction site that features fresh air, mountain valleys, lush forests, and lush vines hanging down to the ground, creating beautiful scenery perfect for taking pictures. There is also a waterfall along the rocky slopes with clear water like a mirror.
• Kampong Trach Cave “ល្អាងកំពង់ត្រាច”: Located in Damnak Kantout village and commune of Kampong Trach district, the cave is a historical site in Kampot, also called “Phnom Bak” due to its weird shape. The diameter of the cave is about 30 meters long and the soil of this area has 7 different colors. It has 4 small caves, some about 4 meters high. There are stalagmites shaped like animals in the cave, such as elephants, turtles and other animals. Kampong Trach mountain’s perimeter is about 4km and it stands about 200 meters high. There is a pagoda nearby called “Wat Kiri Sela” that attracts many tourists to visit and worship.
  Kdat Sanaka “ក្តាតសាណាកា”: Located in Koh Touch commune of Toek Chhou district, the site is a manmade resort located at the base of the mountain, nearby the seaside. There is a cool waterfall flowing down from the mountain with clear water and plenty of fresh air and greenery. At night, there are many fireflies on the mangrove trees that make for a beautiful sight.
• Mlech Dam or Rom Lech Lake “ទំបន់ម្លេច ឬបឹងរំលេច”: Located in Trapeang Chheu Teal village, Chress commune of Chum Kiri district, it is a beautiful nature site in Kampot province. It is a reservoir with cool, clear water that provides fresh and cold air. People may enjoy available food and beverage services and relax in hammocks or inside cottages.
• Oumal Waterfall “ទឹកធ្លាក់ឱម៉ាល់”: Situated in Makpraing village, Kampong Kraeng commune of Toek Chhou district, it is a site where tourists can see the waterfall and swim in water that is safe to enjoy and relax in. The sounds of wild birds and the small trees that grow all along the waterway help visitors relax and release stress.
• On Loung Kheav Waterfall or On Loung Thom Waterfall “ទឹកធ្លាក់អន្លង់ខៀវ ឬអន្លង់ធំ”: sited in Praek Tnaot village and commune of Toek Chhou district, it is a newly discovered site where tourists can see a waterfall from the mountain. The falling water scatters on the rocks below, resembling snowflakes hitting tree leaves and creating a beautiful landscape in the forest. Visitors can also enjoy the sounds of birds from nearby trees.
• Phnom Daung Mountain “ភ្នំដូង”: it is a unique attraction site with three hills, standing300 meters high and facing each other. The mountain is surrounded by water and has a nice sea view. The site has many kinds of birds that attract many visitors.
  Poporkvil Waterfall “ទឹកធ្លាក់ពពកវិល”: it is a natural attraction site located on the mountaintop of Bokor with an astonishing three-level waterfall. The first level flows across the rocks, the second one is on a flat area, and the third level is a waterfall about 10 meters high, surrounded by greenery and moss-covered rocks.
• Ta Da Natural Waterfall “ទឹកធ្លាក់តាដា” is located in Teuk Chhou district, about 10 km from downtown. On the way, there is durian farm as well as other fruit farms. It sits at the base of the mountain range and is therefore amidst a green and lush forest. The waterfall has two tiers, with the upper waterfall made of a concrete staircase about 500 meters long, followed by a clearing road along the bridge next to the cliff for about a kilometer. The lower waterfall is designed as a pool of water that contains the water from the upper waterfall, and it is perfect for swimming. Visitors can enjoy picnics or buy food on-site.
• Trapeang Sangkae Community Based Ecotourism “សហគមន៍អេកូទេសចរណ៍ត្រពាំងសង្កែ” is a natural tourism site where tourists can see astonishing landscapes of mangrove forests along the Kbal Romeas inlet, with a cool sea breeze, the shade of mangrove trees, bungalows focus on sustainability and eco-friendly practices, offering tourists a chance to enjoy nature responsibly, and a wood bridge that extends for hundreds of meters. The mangrove forests are rich in biodiversity and can be explored through guided tours and boat trips.
• Tuek Chhou Waterfall “ទឹកឈូ” is a natural attraction site with water from the Damrei and Kamchay mountains during both rainy and dry seasons. The water is perfectly clear and cool, flowing over the rocks and stones, which creates a very nice landscape. It is surrounded by a lush green forest, fresh air, mountains, a wildlife sanctuary, and farms. There are also local food stalls serving many kinds of dishes, especially the honey-roasted chicken of Tuek Chhou and fresh seafood.
• Pepper Plantations: Kampot is renowned for its high-quality pepper. Visitors can tour pepper farms to learn about the cultivation process and sample different varieties. Besides pepper, Kampot also has plantations where tourists can learn about various agricultural products, including spices and fruits.
• Kampot Town: The town itself has charming colonial-era architecture, with many old buildings restored and repurposed as cafes, restaurants, and guesthouses.
• Salt Fields: The salt production process in Kampot is another fascinating aspect of local industry, and tours are available to see how sea salt is harvested.

The tourism industry in Kampot has grown significantly over the years, transforming the province into a popular destination for both domestic and international travelers. Here’s an overview of the key aspects of Kampot’s tourism industry:

• Accommodation: Kampot offers a variety of accommodation options, including budget guesthouses, mid-range hotels, boutique hotels, and luxury resorts. The growth of eco-friendly lodges and homestays has also been notable, catering to environmentally conscious travelers. In fact, there are 32 Hotels including Boutique hotels and resorts (equally 1,404 rooms) offer more comfort and amenities, often with a focus on local culture and eco-friendly practices, 208 Guesthouses including hostels (equally 2,505 rooms) offer Budget-friendly options for backpackers and budget travelers, 99 Bungalows (equally 1,070 rooms) along the riverside and in rural locations are part of private business and the Community-based tourism project respectively, providing an immersive experience with natural landscape and local families in rural areas.
• Restaurant and Eatery Services: There are 184 restaurants and eateries, where local restaurants and eateries serve traditional Khmer cuisine, including dishes like Seafood dishes etc.; International restaurants offer a variety of cuisines including Western and Asian cuisine. Moreover, Cafés and Coffee Shops are popular spots for relaxing and enjoying local coffee and snacks.
• Transportation Services: Improved Road infrastructure and transportation options have made Kampot more accessible. Visitors can reach Kampot by bus, taxi, private car and train service from Phnom Penh, Sihanoukville, and other major cities. Local transportation options, including taxis, auto-rickshaw and manual-rickshaw, and motorbike rentals or Moto-taxis, are available for tourists to navigate within the province and are convenient for short distances and local tours. Bicycle and Motorbike rentals are popular among tourists wanting to explore the countryside independently. Car Rentals and Private Drivers are available for day trips and excursions to nearby attractions.
• Entertainment Services: Kampot have a growing nightlife scene with bars, clubs (2 places), Beer Gardens (3 places), 30 KTV venues for catering to local and tourists alike.
• Handicrafts and Souvenirs: Local Markets sell a variety of local handicrafts, textiles, and souvenirs. These items often reflect the cultural heritage of the region and make for popular tourist purchases. Some specialized Artisan shops and cooperatives offer handmade goods, providing tourists with unique and authentic mementos of their visit.
• Wellness and Spa Services: A range of wellness services (36 places) is available, including traditional Khmer massages, spa treatments, and yoga classes, catering to tourists seeking relaxation and rejuvenation.
• Other Activities:
  • Cycling and Trekking: The town and countryside around Kampot offers excellent opportunities for cycling and trekking, with scenic routes through villages, rice paddies, and along the river.
  • Cooking Classes: Tourists can take cooking classes to learn how to prepare traditional Khmer dishes using local ingredients.
  • Fishing Villages: Visiting local fishing villages provides insight into the traditional lifestyle and fishing practices of the region.
  • Durian Festival: Kampot is known for its durian fruit, and the annual Durian Festival celebrates this with various activities, tastings, and cultural performances.
  • Water Festival: Celebrated nationwide, Kampot’s Water Festival includes boat races and other festivities along the river.

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